The pons is a mass of nerve fibers located at the base of the brain in an area known as the brainstem. It is the largest part of the brainstem and connects the two halves of the cerebellum.
The brain region indicated in the figure is the PONS (Option D).
The pons is located below the midbrain and above the medulla oblongata (i.e., the medulla).
The main functions of the pons include sleeping, waking and dreaming (Option B).
The pons plays a fundamental role during rapid eye movement sleep (REM), which is a unique phase of sleep characterized by the random rapid movement of the eyes.
The pons regulates the functions carried out by the cranial nerves and carries information related to motor function, including walking.
In conclusion, the brain region indicated in the Figure is the pons, whereas the main functions of the pons include sleeping, waking and dreaming.
