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In New Mexico, large expanses of black lava create patches of unique habitat. If, in every generation, selection favors the darkest colored pocket mice in those habitats because they are best hidden from predators, this would be an example of:

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The correct answer is directional selection

Explanation:  Natural selection is one of the basic mechanisms of evolution proposed by Darwin and can be classified into three types: directional, stabilizing and disruptive selection.

Directional Selection is one of the simplest forms of natural selection. It selects one of the extreme phenotypes and is responsible for most of the phenotypic changes that occur during the evolutionary process.